Fleas are ectoparasitic blood-sucking insects with the ability to jump, which commonly infest wild and domestic animals (mainly dogs and cats) but also humans.
A number of sand fly species are present in Europe and in recent years, their range has increased. They are vectors of human and canine leishmaniasis, and sand fly fevers caused by phleboviruses.
Different tick/mosquito species can transmit different diseases. Most common mosquitoes, ticks and infectious diseases in Europe, where are they present in Europe. Why vector-borne diseases spread during the summer?