Dengue worldwide overview

Three-month dengue virus disease case notification rate per 100 000 population, January 2025-March 2025

Detailed overview

In Madeira, two locally acquired cases were reported on 18 February, with symptom onset in January 2025. In the third week of January, entomological investigations confirmed the presence of dengue virus in mosquitoes captured on Madeira. 

In Guadeloupe, the current situation is classified as a Phase 4, Level 1 epidemic (confirmed epidemic) (Epidemiological Bulletin of French Antilles, 20 March 2025). Since week 11, an increase in the number of medical consultations has been reported, while emergency room visits for suspected dengue remained stable. The most prevalent serotype, according to the recent Epidemiological Bulletin of French Antilles (20 March 2025) continues to be DENV-3. In Martinique, the epidemiological situation is characterised as Phase 2 (Level 2; outbreaks that can evolve or multiple outbreaks with epidemiological links among them). In Saint Martin and Saint Barthelemy dengue circulation continues, but at lower levels (epidemic Phase 1), with only sporadic cases or outbreaks and no epidemiological links reported among them (Epidemiological Bulletin of French Antilles, 20 March 2025). 

In French Guiana, case numbers have decreased in recent months and show a stable trend at lower levels. The circulating serotype is DENV-2 (Health surveillance in French Guiana, Bulletin of 13 March, 2025). 

In Reunion, 33 dengue cases have been reported since the beginning of the year and as of 16 March 2025. Circulation is currently continuing at low levels. 

A summary of recent epidemiological trends of dengue outside of the EU/EEA during the first months of 2025 is presented below. The summary is based on available information from official sources and reports from different countries/territories.

In the PAHO Region, over one million cases have been reported, 34% of which have been laboratory confirmed. The number of cases reported to date is 65% less than that reported for the same period in 2024, and 4% above the average for the last five years, according to the WHO PAHO report published on 20 March 2025 (including data until end of February 2025). While all serotypes have been reported as of end of February 2025, their distribution differs among countries (Report on the epidemiological situation of dengue in the Americas). 

In Bangladesh, according to the SEARO report published on 12 March 2025, the total number of dengue cases in 2025 is higher than for the same period in 2024, while the number of deaths in 2025 is lower (1 493 cases and 14 deaths in the first six weeks of 2025 compared to 1 224 cases and 18 deaths during the first six weeks of 2024). Overall, there has been a declining trend in dengue cases in Bangladesh in recent weeks. In Nepal, 252 cases were reported in January 2025, which represents a decrease compared to December 2024. 

Cases of dengue have also been reported in India. However, at least in Karnataka and Kerala, the numbers are less than for the same period during 2024 (SEARO report published on 12 March 2025). In Karnataka a total of 707 cases had been reported up to week 9 (end of February) and in Kerala, 62 cases were reported in week 9 (26% less than the week before). Similar trends (i.e. lower levels compared to the same period for 2024) are also noted in Sri Lanka (total cases: 9 187 in weeks 1-9 of 2025; SEARO report published on 12 March 2025). 

In Laos, Viet Nam and Singapore, so far in 2025 dengue cases have been lower than those reported in 2024 (Laos: 378 cases as 22 February 2025; Vietnam: 6 945 cases as of 26 January 2025; Singapore: 785 cases as of 22 February 2025 WPRO Dengue Situation update of 6 March 2025). In China, 49 cases and no deaths were reported in January 2025. 

In Afghanistan (EMRO), in 2025, the number of suspected dengue cases has stabilised at low levels since the beginning of the year, with 98 cases reported as of 8 March 2025. 

In 2025, in Africa, over 3 600 cases and one death have been reported from Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Ghana, Mali, Senegal and Sudan (Africa CDC Epidemic Intelligence Report of 12 March 2025).

ECDC assessment:

The likelihood of onward transmission of dengue and chikungunya virus in mainland Europe is linked to importation of the virus by viraemic travellers into receptive areas with established and active competent vectors (e.g. Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti). Aedes albopictus is established in a large part of Europe. In Europe and neighbouring areas, Aedes aegypti is established in Cyprus, on the eastern shores of the Black Sea, and in the outermost region of Madeira. 

The environmental conditions in the areas of mainland Europe where Ae. albopictus or Ae. aegypti are established are currently unfavourable for mosquito activity and virus replication in mosquitoes. It is therefore unlikely that locally acquired chikungunya and dengue virus transmissions will occur until conditions become favourable in early summer. All past autochthonous outbreaks of CHIKVD and dengue in mainland Europe to date have occurred between June and November. 

More information on autochthonous transmission of chikungunya and dengue virus in the EU/EEA is available on ECDC's webpages, and in ECDC's factsheets on dengue and CHIKVD.

N.B: The data presented in this report originates from both official public health authorities and nonofficial sources, such as news media. Data completeness depends on the availability of reports from surveillance systems and their accuracy, which varies between countries. All data should be interpreted with caution and comparisons, particularly across countries, avoided, due to underreporting, variations in surveillance system structure, varying case definitions between countries and over time, and use of syndromic definitions.